AInsights Entry for (E)-beta-farnesene (CAS: 18794-84-8)
1. Identity & Chemical Information
- Common Name(s): (E)-beta-farnesene
- IUPAC Name: (3E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene
- CAS Number: 18794-84-8
- FEMA Number: Not available
- Other Identifiers: FL number not available; CoE number not available; IFRA reference not available
- Molecular Formula: C15H24
- Molecular Weight: 204.35 g/mol
- Functional Groups and Structure–Odor Relevance: (E)-beta-farnesene is a sesquiterpene with a linear structure, contributing to its volatility and characteristic odor profile. Its structure is significant for its role in plant defense mechanisms and its use in fragrances.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA
2. Sensory Profile
- Odor and Flavor Descriptors: (E)-beta-farnesene is characterized by a green, woody, and slightly floral aroma. It is often described as having a fresh, herbaceous scent with a hint of citrus.
- Taste and/or Odor Thresholds: Specific thresholds are not clearly reported, but it is known to be a potent odorant.
- Typical Sensory Role: It serves as an impact note in fragrance compositions, providing a fresh and natural green character.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature
3. Natural Occurrence & Formation
- Known Natural Sources: (E)-beta-farnesene is naturally found in various plants, including apples, potatoes, and certain types of flowers. It is a common component of essential oils.
- Formation Pathways: It is biosynthesized in plants as part of their secondary metabolism, often involved in defense against herbivores.
- Relevance to “Natural Flavor” or “Natural Fragrance” Designation: Its presence in natural sources allows it to be labeled as a natural flavor or fragrance component.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs
4. Use in Flavors
- Flavor Categories and Applications: Commonly used in fruit and herbal flavor formulations.
- Functional Role in Flavor Systems: Acts as a modifier to enhance freshness and complexity.
- Typical Use Levels: Documented use levels are not available; however, industry-typical levels are estimated to be in the low ppm range.
- Stability Considerations: It is relatively stable under normal conditions but may degrade under high heat or acidic conditions.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature
5. Use in Fragrances
- Fragrance Families and Product Types: Used in green, floral, and woody fragrance families.
- Functional Role: Provides trace realism and acts as a modifier.
- Typical Concentration Ranges: Typically used in trace amounts due to its potent aroma.
- Volatility and Top/Middle/Base Contribution: It is a top note due to its high volatility.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts
6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)
- United States (FDA / FEMA GRAS): Not explicitly listed as GRAS.
- European Union (Reg. (EC) No 1334/2008; FL number status): Not specifically listed.
- United Kingdom (Post-Brexit Alignment or Divergence): Follows EU regulations.
- Asia (Japan, China, ASEAN): High-level regulatory information not available.
- Latin America (e.g., Brazil, MERCOSUR): High-level regulatory information not available.
Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications
7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations
- Oral Exposure: Data not found; typical exposure through flavor use is minimal.
- Dermal Exposure: Generally considered safe in fragrance applications; no significant irritation or sensitization reported.
- Inhalation Exposure: Volatile nature suggests potential for inhalation exposure, but no significant occupational hazards reported.
Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature
8. Practical Insights for Formulators
- Why This Material is Valuable: Its unique green and fresh aroma makes it valuable for adding naturalness to formulations.
- Typical Synergies: Works well with other green and floral notes.
- Common Formulation Pitfalls: Overuse can lead to an overpowering green note.
- Situations Where It is Frequently Over- or Under-used: Often under-used in complex formulations where subtlety is required.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice
9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes
- Well-Established Data: Sensory profile and natural occurrence are well-documented.
- Industry-Typical but Undocumented Practices: Use levels in flavors and fragrances are often based on industry norms.
- Known Data Gaps or Regulatory Ambiguities: Specific regulatory approvals and toxicological data are limited.
Citation hooks: FlavScents
QA Check
- All required sections 1–9 are present
- “Citation hooks:” line is present under each section
- Flavor section includes ppm ranges
- Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
- Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
- If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)
About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.
Generated 2026-09-08 10:42:13 GMT (p2)