FlavScents AInsights Entry for (Z)-beta-damascone (CAS: 23726-92-3)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): (Z)-beta-damascone
• IUPAC Name: (2Z)-1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)but-2-en-1-one
• CAS Number: 23726-92-3
• FEMA Number: 3420
• Other Identifiers: FL No. 07.127
• Molecular Formula: C13H18O
• Molecular Weight: 190.28 g/mol

(Z)-beta-damascone is a ketone with a cyclohexene ring and a conjugated enone system, contributing to its potent odor profile. The structure-odor relationship is significant, as the conjugated system enhances its olfactory impact, making it a valuable component in both flavors and fragrances.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

(Z)-beta-damascone is characterized by its intense, fruity, floral, and rose-like aroma with nuances of apple, blackcurrant, and plum. It is known for its high diffusion and impact, even at low concentrations. The odor threshold is exceptionally low, often cited in the range of parts per billion, making it a powerful impact note in formulations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

(Z)-beta-damascone occurs naturally in various fruits and flowers, including apples, blackcurrants, and roses. It is formed through the degradation of carotenoids, a process that can occur during fruit ripening or through enzymatic reactions. Its presence in natural sources supports its designation as a "natural flavor" or "natural fragrance" component.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

In flavor applications, (Z)-beta-damascone is used to impart fruity and floral notes, enhancing the realism and complexity of fruit flavors such as apple, berry, and tropical blends. Typical use levels in finished products range from 0.01 to 0.1 ppm, with higher concentrations potentially leading to overpowering effects. It is relatively stable under acidic conditions but may degrade under high heat or oxidative environments.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

(Z)-beta-damascone is a versatile ingredient in perfumery, contributing to floral, fruity, and chypre fragrance families. It serves as a top to middle note, providing a fresh, vibrant character. Typical concentrations in fragrance formulations range from 0.01% to 0.1%, depending on the desired intensity and product type. Its volatility is moderate, allowing it to blend well with both lighter and heavier notes.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
• European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL No. 07.127.
• United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit.
• Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific restrictions varying by country.
• Latin America: Generally accepted, with specific regulations in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

For oral exposure, (Z)-beta-damascone is considered safe at typical use levels, with an acceptable daily intake (ADI) not specifically established but supported by FEMA GRAS status. Dermal exposure in fragrances is generally safe, with low potential for irritation or sensitization, as per IFRA guidelines. Inhalation exposure is minimal due to its moderate volatility, but occupational safety measures should be observed during handling.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

(Z)-beta-damascone is prized for its ability to enhance and modify fruity and floral profiles, offering a natural and fresh character. It synergizes well with other fruity and floral compounds, but care must be taken to avoid overuse, which can lead to an overpowering effect. It is often under-utilized in complex formulations where its subtlety can add depth and realism.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on (Z)-beta-damascone is well-established, with comprehensive sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-documented, though specific use levels may vary. Some data gaps exist in regional regulatory specifics, but overall confidence in its safety and efficacy is high.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1-9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-01-20 10:15:41 GMT (p2)