alpha-pinene

Full Material List

4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene

Identifiers

CAS (Single)	80-56-8
FEMA	2902
EINECS	201-291-9
Synonyms	DL- pin-2(3)-ene dextro,laevo- pin-2(3)-ene .alpha.- pinene 2- pinene a- pinene alpha- pinene (natural) alpha- pinene (refined) (natural) pinene alpha pinene alpha naturel pinene alpha PF alpha- pinene natural alpha- pinene P & F alpha- pinene P and F alpha- pinene PF alpha- pinene, natural 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo-3,1,1-2-heptene 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene 4,7,7- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-3-ene 4,7,7- trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene
JECFA Food Flavoring	1329
JECFA Food Additive	N/A
DG SANTE Food Flavourings	01.004 DL-pin-2(3)-ene
DG SANTE Food Contact Materials	DL-pin-2(3)-ene
FDA UNII	JPF3YI7O34
CoE Number	2113
XlogP3-AA	N/A
Molecular Weight	136.23752
Molecular Formula	C10 H16

Properties

Food Chemicals Codex Listed	Yes
Appearance	colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay	97.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Specific Gravity	0.85300 to 0.86100 @ 25.00 °C.
Lbs/Gal (est)	7.098 to 7.164
Refractive Index	1.46300 to 1.46700 @ 20.00 Â°C.
Melting Point	-64.00 to -62.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point	155.00 to 156.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point	90.00 Â°F. TCC ( 32.22 Â°C. )
Acid Value	N/A
Vapor Pressure	4.750000 mmHg @ 25.00 Â°C.
Vapor Density	N/A
logP (o/w)	4.83
Soluble In	alcohol fixed oils water, 2.49 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) water
Occurrence	abies holophylla achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 7.70% agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.73% ajowan seed oil turkey @ 0.32% allspice fruit allspice leaf allspice leaf oil alpinia galanga oil @ 10.20% amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 3.20% angelica root oil @ 32.19% angelica seed oil @ 5.20% angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 11.80% anise oil anise seed anise seed oil star china @ 0.49% anise star anise fruit apple custard apple plant apple fruit armoise oil morocco @ 1.5% artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 2.60% artemisia diffusa krasch. ex poljak oil iran @ 0.40% artemisia santolina schrenk oil iran @ 0.70% artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 0.80% ayou wood oil @ 2.80% basil flower oil sweet @ 0.04% basil leaf oil basil leaf oil sweet (ocimum basilicum) @ 0.13% basil oil basil oil CO2 sweet @ trace% basil oil sweet @ 0.16% basil oil sweet egypt @ 0.28% basil oil sweet poland @ 0.83% basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ 0.43% basil plant basil shoot oil basswood flower bay laurel bark bay laurel flower bay laurel fruit oil bay laurel leaf bay laurel leaf oil bay laurel wood bay leaf oil @ 0.46-0.47% bay leaf oil anise @ 0.2% bay leaf oil lemon @ 0.5% bergamot mint oil @ 0.0-0.1% bergamot oil @ 0.720-1.844% bergamot oil @ 2.2% bergamot oil turkey @ 0.81% bergamot plant wild blackberry fruit blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.502% blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.478% blood orange oil italy @ 0.480% blueberry fruit boldo leaf oil italy @ 0.02% boldus leaf oil chile @ 0.01% bombycilaena erecta oil greece @ 0.40% buchu leaf oil @ 0.37% cabocla flower oil brazil @ 0.90% cajuput oil @ 1.0% cajuput oil vietnam @ 3.2% calamintha nepeta (l.) savi subsp. glandulosa oil greece @ 0.70% calamus root oil mongolia @ 0.70% cananga fruit oil @ 11.1% cananga leaf oil @ 14.0% cananga odorata oil java @ 0.06% caraway plant caraway seed caraway seed oil @ 0.05% cardamom fruit cardamom fruit oil cardamom oil CO2 extract guatemala @ 0.70% cardamom root oil cardamom seed oil cardamom seed oil @ 2.30% carqueja oil @ 6.40% carrot leaf oil @ trace% carrot root carrot seed carrot seed oil @ 9.09% carrot seed oil @ trace% carrot seed oil spain @ 0.50-1.73% carrot shoot carrot weed oil @ 1.42% cascarilla bark oil @ 2.59% cassia bark cassia bark oil china @ 3.47% cassia leaf oil china @ 3.47% cassinia laevis flower oil australia @ 13.60% cassinia laevis leaf oil australia @ 9.80% cassis bud oil @ 1.30-9.23% cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.55-1.31% celery leaf oil celery leaf oil @ 0.20% celery seed celery seed oil celery seed oil egypt @ 0.14% celery seed oil india @ 0.05% celery stem oil chamomile flower oil germany @ trace% chamomile garden chamomile plant chamomile oil @ 1.05% chamomile oil morocco @ 15.00% champaca concrete @ 0.12% champaca concrete @ trace% chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 10.0% cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 4.80% cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 8.00% cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) india @ 0.18% cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) sri lauka @ 0.04-0.07% cinnamon bark oil ceylon @ 3.47% cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark cinnamon fruit oil india @ 0.1-1.6% cinnamon leaf oil ceylon @ 0.33% cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.06-0.21% cinnamon twig oil @ 0.21% citronella oil ceylon @ 1.87% citronella oil china @ 0.01% citronella oil java @ 0.05% citronella oil zimbabwe @ 0.32% clary sage oil france @ 0.10-0.20% clary sage oil greece @ 0.10% clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.10% clary sage oil spain @ 0.30% clove bud oil @ 0.02% clove leaf oil @ 0.03% clove stem oil india @ 0.03% coriander fruit coriander oil coriander seed oil coriander seed oil @ 1.80% coriander seed oil cuba @ 1.14% corn husk oil cornmint oil india @ 0.15% cornmint plant costmary oil @ 0.04% cotton plant crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 0.70% croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 16.00% cubeb oil @ 5.44% cumin cumin seed cumin seed oil cumin seed oil egypt @ 0.78% cumin seed oil turkey @ 1.2% curcuma amada roxb. rhizome oil india @ 0.40% currant black currant fruit currant black currant leaf curry fruit oil india @ 48.10% curry leaf oil india @ 9.00% curry wood leaf oil australia @ 0.30% cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf. oil cuba @ 0.10% cypress cone oil egypt @ 48.2% cypress oil @ 47.00-52.76% dill leaf dill oil dill seed dill seed oil dill shoot oil dill weed oil cuba @ 3.17% dill weed oil reunion @ 1.70% echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 9.60% elemi oil @ 5.40% elyonurus muticus (sprengel) o.kuntze leaf oil brazil @ 0.90% erigeron graveolens l. oil iran @ 0.20% eriocephalus punctulatus oil @ 6.00% eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 0.70% eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.80% eucalyptus citriodora oil @ 0.14% eucalyptus dalrympleana maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 26.20% eucalyptus deaneti maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.90% eucalyptus delegatensis r. baker leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.30% eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 1.90% eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 3.61% eucalyptus globulus maidenii f. muell oil @ 3.65% eucalyptus globulus oil @ 12.49% eucalyptus globulus oil burundia @ 8.80% eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 0.30% eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 6.23% eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 14.00% eucalyptus globulus pseudoglobulus oil @ 12.27% eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 44.70% eucalyptus nitens (deane et maiden) maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 21.70% eucalyptus saligna smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 38.50% eucalyptus tereticornis smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 24.40% eucalyptus urophylla s.t. blake leaf oil ethiopia @ 13.30% eucalyptus viminalis labill. leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.20% featherfew leaf oil @ 1.65% fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 4.08% fennel oil fennel plant fennel root oil fennel seed fennel seed oil fennel seed oil bitter lithuania @ 19.50% fennel seed oil bitter spain @ 0.20% fennel seed oil sweet @ 0.25% feverfew flower oil @ 0.2% feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 1.0% fig leaf oil fir korean fir fir needle oil canada @ 6.18-14.29% fir needle oil siberia @ 13.74% fleabane oil @ 0.20% foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 0.60% frankincense oil somalia @ 3.50% galangal root oil @ 5.80% geranium leaf oil india @ 0.20% geranium oil bourbon @ 0.24% geranium oil rwanda @ 0.03% geranium petiole oil india @ 0.13% geranium stem oil india @ 0.10% ginger ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root oil brazil @ 2.30% ginger root oil china @ 1.04% gingergrass oil @ 0.02% glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 2.10% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.50% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.51% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.52% grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.42% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.78% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 1.76% grapefruit oil california @ 0.45% grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.21% guava fruit guava leaf oil guava oil guava pericarp oil helichrysum italicum oil america @ 3.41% heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 18.90% heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.10% herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ trace% hinoki leaf oil @ 1.01% hinoki root oil @ 0.73% hinoki wood oil @ 0.44% ho leaf oil @ 0.12% horsemint shoot hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 34.70% hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ 6.00-14.00% hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 1.80-2.60% hyssop leaf hyssop oil hyssop oil @ trace% hyssop oil CO2 extract @ trace% hyssop shoot jambu flower oil brazil @ 2.10% juniper berry oil @ 33.60% juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 14.10% juniper branch oil @ 18.70% juniper needle oil @ 33.70% kachur oil @ 1.30% kewda oil @ 0.30-0.40% labdanum leaf oil @ 39.00% labdanum oil @ 0.37% laurel bark oil @ 4.0% laurel berry oil @ 2.1% laurel leaf oil @ 5.8% laurel leaf oil turkey @ 4.60% laurel stem oil @ 3.5% laurel wood oil @ 1.0% lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.89% lavandin oil china @ 7.91% lavandin oil grosso @ 0.61% lavandula officinalis flower oil @ 0.80% lavender oil CO2 extract france @ 0.27% lavender oil france @ 0.14% lavender oil greece @ 0.58% lavender oil spike @ 1.80% lavender oil spike france @ 4.77% lavender oil spike spain @ 1.11% lemon lemon fruit oil lemon leaf oil lemon oil lemon oil california @ 1.75% lemon oil expressed italy @ 1.90% lemon pericarp lemon pericarp oil lemon petiole lemon verbena oil morocco @ 1.4% lemon verbena oil turkey @ 1.42% lemongrass oil @ 0.06% lemongrass oil @ 5.40% lemongrass oil egypt @ 0.73% lemongrass oil morocco @ 0.40% lemongrass plant levisticum officinale flower oil @ 1.01% levisticum officinale seed oil @ 1.47% lime lime fruit lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 0.03% lime oil distilled mexico @ 1.02% lime oil distilled peru @ 0.99% lime oil expressed florida @ 3.2% lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% litsea cubeba oil china @ 1.43% lovage flower oil @ 1.20% lovage leaf oil @ 0.70% lovage root lovage root oil @ 0.65% lovage seed oil @ 1.90% mace oil @ 1.30% mace oil CO2 extract @ 6.60% mace oil east india @ 15.24% mandarin mandarin fruit mandarin oil @ 2.29% mandarin oil avana @ 1.78% mandarin oil avana @ 1.79% mandarin oil italy @ 2.29% mandarin oil italy @ 2.36% mandarin oil japan @ 1.20% mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.48-0.50% mango flower manuka var. eximium oil australia @ 18.10% manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 30.80% manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 1.31% marjoram oil marjoram oil @ 2.63% marjoram oil spain @ 2.00% marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 0.64% marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 1.00-1.90% marjoram oil sweet iran @ 0.80% marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 0.39% marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 1.66-1.76% marjoram plant marjoram pot oil turkey @ 0.78-2.69% marsypianthes chamaedrys (vahl) kuntze oil brazil @ 0.70% mastic fruit oil @ 0.21% mastic leaf oil @ 0.47% mastic oil @ 78.61% mayur pankh fruit oil himalaya @ 67.80% melissa oil @ 0.05% melissa oil slovak republic @ 0.15% michelia alba flower absolute @ 0.17% microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 22.70% microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 26.90% mikan peel oil @ 0.64% mikania cordata (burm. f.) b.l. robinson var. cordata leaf oil france @ 9.60% mugwort plant myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 13.60% myrrhinium atropurpureum schott leaf oil brazil @ 12.20% myrtle lemon scented leaf oil australia @ 7.80% myrtle oil @ 35.20% narcissus absolute @ 2.39% narcissus absolute @ 6.07% nepeta cephalotes boiss. oil iran @ 2.10% nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 1.70% nepeta racemosa lam. oil iran @ 0.40% neroli bigarde oil france @ 0.28% neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.46% niaouli oil egypt @ 6.20% nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 6.40% nutmeg flower oil @ 9.51% nutmeg leaf oil nutmeg leaf oil @ 8.62-34.64% nutmeg oil nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 13.6% nutmeg oil india @ 22.00% nutmeg seed nutmeg seed oil ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.27% orange orange bigarade oil @ 0.11% orange fruit orange fruit juice orange oil c.p. brazil @ 0.89-0.95% orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.89% orange peel oil bitter china @ 1.17% orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.40% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.471% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.482% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.534% orange peel oil sweet c.p. egypt @ 0.68% orange peel oil sweet c.p. florida @ 0.43% orange peel oil sweet c.p. valencia @ 0.42% oregano oil oregano oil mexico @ 0.56% oregano plant oregano plant oregano shoot oregano shoot oil origanum oil greece @ 0.69% osmanthus absolute @ trace% otanthus maritimus (l.) hoffmans oil greece @ 0.20% parsley fruit parsley fruit oil parsley leaf parsley leaf oil @ 0.25% parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03% parsley leaf oil egypt @ 6.94% parsley root parsley seed parsley seed oil parsley seed oil @ 22.28% patchouli oil china @ 0.09% pennyroyal oil @ 0.40% pennyroyal oil cuba @ 0.35% pennyroyal oil spain @ 1.50% pennyroyal oil uruguay @ trace-0.40% pepper bell pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit oil pepper black pepper oil pepper black pepper seed oil pepper oil black india @ 7.80% pepper tree berry oil @ 2.66% pepper tree leaf oil @ 1.46% peppermint leaf peppermint oil america @ 1.34% peppermint oil CO2 extract @ 0.20% peppermint oil russia @ 0.80% persea americana mill. fruit oil cuba @ 5.20% petitgrain bergamot oil @ 0.09% petitgrain bigarade oil @ 0.20% petitgrain combava oil @ 0.06% petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 2.40% petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.15% petitgrain lime oil @ 0.30% petitgrain mandarin oil @ 0.98% petitgrain oil @ 0.20% petitgrain sweet oil @ 0.95% phlomis fruticosa l. flower oil greece @ 8.90% phoebe oil brazil @ 1.29% pimenta leaf oil @ 0.56% pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.19% pimento berry oil @ trace% pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace% pine needle oil dwarf @ 9.95% pine needle oil scotch siberia @ 29.2-36.6% pinus laricio poiret branch oil italy @ 89.20% pinus laricio poiret cone oil italy @ 68.60% pinus laricio poiret leaf oil italy @ 53.40% pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 28.10% pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 40.30% piper cernum vell. var. cernum yuncker leaf oil brazil @ 10.20% pittosporum spp. fruit oil malaysia @ 60.20% plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.60% plum fruit plumcot fruit pomelo prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 6.10% prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 1.30% prangos uloptera dc. seed oil iran @ 41.90% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march fruit oil brazil @ 71.20% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march leaf oil brazil @ 1.60% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march resin oil brazil @ 10.50% pteronia oil @ 18.60% ravintsara leaf oil @ 5.55%% rose oil otto bulgaria @ 0.38% rosemary rosemary leaf rosemary leaf oil rosemary oil rosemary oil china @ 8.53% rosemary oil CO2 extract @ 8.30% rosemary oil corsica @ 22.00% rosemary oil egypt @ 2.46% rosemary oil france @ 19.91-35.08% rosemary oil morocco @ 9.56-12.72% rosemary oil spain @ 4.4% rosemary oil turkey @ 0.44% rosemary plant rosemary sap rosemary shoot rosemary shoot oil rue oil china @ 0.02% saffron stigma sage sage leaf oil sage oil sage oil albania @ 1.10% sage oil cuba @ 0.81% sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20% sage oil dalmatian @ 1.10% sage oil dalmatian @ 3.69% sage oil england @ 3.70% sage oil france @ 0.70% sage oil germany @ 4.08% sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 5.90% sage oil lithuania @ 6.05% sage oil reunion @ 5.40% sage oil sardinia @ 3.70% sage oil spain @ 4.5% sage oil spain @ 4.7-10.9% sage oil spain @ 4.80% sage plant salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 0.10% salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil @ 0.50% salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 2.70% salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.81% salvia officinalis oil reunion @ 2.71% salvia officinalis seed oil tunisia @ 1.26% salvia sclarea oil @ 4.57% salvia sclarea seed oil tunisia @ 0.27% salvia verbenaca seed oil tunisia @ 0.44% santolina oil @ 0.23% satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 0.30% satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ 0.40% savin oil @ 1.60% savin oil @ 69.00% savory oil summer @ 2.35-3.83% savory oil winter @ 3.60% savory oleoresin winter @ 3.60% savory summer savory plant savory winter savory oil savory winter savory plant sideritis scardica l. oil bulgaria @ 1.40% sideritis syriaca l. oil bulgaria @ 18.20% skimmia laureola oil @ 0.2% snake root oil canada @ 0.90% spearmint leaf spearmint oil spearmint oil america @ 0.51-0.72% spikenard oil @ 0.10% stachys recta l. oil serbia @ 0.50% strawberry wild strawberry fruit sugandha kokila berry oil @ 1.20% sunflower plant tagete flower oil rwanda @ trace% tagete oil egypt @ 0.12% tagete oil rwanda @ 0.03% tagete oil turkey @ 0.06% tamarind fruit oil tamarind seed oil tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 4.90% tangerine oil america @ 1.41% tansy flower oil canada @ 1.34% tansy flower oil dutch @ 0.20% tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.30% tansy oil argentina @ trace% tansy oil canada @ 0.20% tansy oil marocco @ 1.30% tarragon leaf oil tarragon oil tarragon oil @ trace% tarragon root oil tarragon shoot taxodium distichum (l.) richard branch oil italy @ 53.70% taxodium distichum (l.) richard cone oil italy @ 71.30% taxodium distichum (l.) richard leaf oil italy @ 79.70% tea leaf tejpat oil @ 1.50% thevetia peruviana (pers.) k. schum. flower oil brazil @ 0.50% thyme absolute @ trace% thyme oil thyme oil portuguese @ 0.7% thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 0.01% thyme oil red india @ 0.4% thyme oil red spain @ 0.49-1.34% thyme oil spain @ 0.04% thyme oil spain @ 2.28% thyme oil wild or creeping finland @ 1.90% thyme oil wild or creeping france @ 0.08% thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 0.27% thyme plant thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ 0.70% tomato tomato fruit trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 0.30% turmeric leaf turmeric oil china @ 0.53% turmeric rhizome turmeric rhizome oil turmeric root oil CO2 extract @ 1.25% turmeric root oil hydrodistilled @ 0.25% turmeric tuber valerian root oil @ 0.1-0.2% valerian root oil china @ 5.46% valerian root oil CO2 extract china @ 0.60% vassoura oil @ 2.90% verbena oil france @ 0.60% walnut black walnut fruit walnut black walnut nut walnut black walnut oil water mint leaf water mint shoot wormseed oil america @ 0.82% wormseed oil spain @ 0.09% wormwood flower oil annus america @ 0.24% wormwood leaf oil annus america @ 0.40-0.50% wormwood oil america @ 0.69% wormwood oil annus france @ 4.20-15.66% wormwood oil annus vietnam @ 0.74% wormwood oil cuba @ 1.24% wormwood oil italy @ 0.3% wormwood oil poland @ 3.23% xylopia aromatica (lam.) mart. leaf oil cuba @ 0.20% yarrow leaf oil @ 0.80% yarrow oil @ 4.20% yarrow oil greece @ 0.40% yarrow oil hungary @ 4.10% ylang ylang ylang ylang oil @ 1.87% ylang ylang oil CO2 extract @ 0.19% ylang ylang oil I (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.16% ylang ylang oil II (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.13% ylang ylang oil III @ 0.08% yuzu leaf oil @ 0.68-1.62% yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 0.95-1.11% yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 0.64-0.90% zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 46.00% zanthoxylum ovalifolium l. leaf oil australia @ 31.60% zingiber officinale root oil china @ 0.69% zinnia elegans jacq. flower oil brazil @ 0.90%

Organoleptic

Organoleptic Notes	1. Odor Type: herbal Odor Strength:high ,recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less Substantivity:4 hour(s) at 100.00 % fresh camphoreous sweet pine earthy woody Odor Description:at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. fresh camphor sweet pine earthy woodyLuebke, William tgsc, (1986) Odor sample from: Berje Inc. woody pine terpenic cooling camphoreous fresh herbal Odor Description:at 10.00 %. Woody, piney and turpentine-like, with a slight cooling camphoraceous nuance and a fresh herbal liftMosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 6, 26, (2000)
Odor	herbal fresh, camphoreous, sweet, pine, earthy, woody, terpenic, cooling, herbal
Flavor	woody woody, pine, terpenic, camphoreous, herbal, spicy, tropical,

AInsights BETA

FlavScents AInsights Entry: Alpha-Pinene (CAS: 80-56-8)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

Alpha-pinene is a bicyclic monoterpene and one of the most widely distributed terpenes in nature. It is commonly found in the oils of coniferous trees, particularly pine trees. The IUPAC name for alpha-pinene is (1R)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene. Its CAS number is 80-56-8, and it is recognized by FEMA with the number 2902. The molecular formula of alpha-pinene is C10H16, and it has a molecular weight of 136.24 g/mol. The compound's structure includes a bicyclic framework with a double bond, which contributes to its characteristic pine-like odor. This structural feature is crucial for its odor profile and its role in flavor and fragrance applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Alpha-pinene is characterized by its fresh, woody, and pine-like aroma, which is both sharp and invigorating. It is often described as having a resinous and slightly balsamic undertone. The intensity of its odor is moderate to strong, making it a prominent note in formulations. While specific taste and odor thresholds are not widely documented, alpha-pinene is typically used as an impact note in both flavors and fragrances, providing a sense of freshness and natural realism.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

Alpha-pinene is naturally occurring in the essential oils of many coniferous trees, such as pines, spruces, and firs. It is also found in rosemary, eucalyptus, and other aromatic plants. The formation of alpha-pinene in plants is primarily through the mevalonate pathway, a key biosynthetic route for terpenes. Its presence in essential oils contributes to their designation as "natural flavors" or "natural fragrances," depending on the extraction and processing methods used.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

In flavor applications, alpha-pinene is used to impart a fresh, pine-like note, often in conjunction with other terpenes to create complex, natural profiles. It is commonly used in mint, citrus, and herbal flavors. Typical use levels in food and beverages range from 1 to 20 ppm, depending on the desired intensity and the complexity of the flavor system. Alpha-pinene is relatively stable under normal conditions but can be prone to oxidation, which may alter its sensory characteristics.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

Alpha-pinene is a versatile component in fragrance formulations, contributing to the freshness and naturalness of pine, woody, and herbal fragrance families. It is often used as a modifier or impact note, enhancing the top notes of a fragrance composition. Typical concentration ranges in perfumes and personal care products vary from trace amounts to 1%, depending on the desired effect. Due to its volatility, alpha-pinene primarily contributes to the top notes of a fragrance.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

In the United States, alpha-pinene is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food by FEMA. In the European Union, it is regulated under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 and has an assigned FL number. The United Kingdom follows similar regulations post-Brexit. In Asia, alpha-pinene is accepted in Japan and China, although specific regulations may vary. In Latin America, countries like Brazil and those in MERCOSUR have harmonized regulations for its use in flavors and fragrances. However, formulators should verify specific country regulations due to potential variability.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

Alpha-pinene is considered safe for use in flavors and fragrances when used within recommended levels. For oral exposure, it has a high margin of safety, with no specific ADI or MSDI established, but it is generally used at low concentrations. Dermal exposure in fragrances is typically safe, although it may cause irritation or sensitization in sensitive individuals. Inhalation exposure is generally considered safe, but occupational exposure should be monitored to prevent respiratory irritation. The risk profiles for food and fragrance applications are similar, with no significant differences noted.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Alpha-pinene is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, natural character to both flavors and fragrances. It synergizes well with other terpenes and can enhance the perception of freshness in citrus and herbal profiles. Common pitfalls include overuse, which can lead to a harsh or resinous note, and oxidation, which can alter its sensory properties. It is often under-used in complex formulations where its subtlety can enhance overall realism.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on alpha-pinene is well-established, with extensive documentation in both flavor and fragrance applications. Industry practices are well-documented, although specific use levels may vary. Known data gaps include precise sensory thresholds and detailed regulatory nuances in certain regions. Formulators should rely on authoritative sources and industry guidelines to ensure compliance and optimal use.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

All required sections 1-9 are present
"Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
Flavor section includes ppm ranges
Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-10-07 14:52:29 GMT (p2)

Suppliers

	Vigon International PINENE ALPHA NATURAL • 501101 Supplier Detail
	Vigon International PINENE ALPHA DRT • 502550 Supplier Detail
	Vigon International PINENE ALPHA (VIGON) • 513539 Supplier Detail
	Penta Fine Ingredients ALPHA PINENE • 16-52600 Supplier Detail
	Penta Fine Ingredients NATURAL alpha-PINENE • 16-52601 Supplier Detail

alpha-pinene

Identifiers

Properties

Organoleptic

AInsights BETA

FlavScents AInsights Entry: Alpha-Pinene (CAS: 80-56-8)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

2. Sensory Profile

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

4. Use in Flavors

5. Use in Fragrances

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

QA Check

Suppliers

Vigon International

Vigon International

Vigon International

Penta Fine Ingredients

Penta Fine Ingredients