alpha-pinene

Full Material List

4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene

Identifiers

CAS (Single)	80-56-8
FEMA	2902
EINECS	201-291-9
Synonyms	DL- pin-2(3)-ene dextro,laevo- pin-2(3)-ene .alpha.- pinene 2- pinene a- pinene alpha- pinene (natural) alpha- pinene (refined) (natural) pinene alpha pinene alpha naturel pinene alpha PF alpha- pinene natural alpha- pinene P & F alpha- pinene P and F alpha- pinene PF alpha- pinene, natural 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo-3,1,1-2-heptene 2,6,6- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene 4,7,7- trimethyl bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-3-ene 4,7,7- trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene
JECFA Food Flavoring	1329
JECFA Food Additive	N/A
DG SANTE Food Flavourings	01.004 DL-pin-2(3)-ene
DG SANTE Food Contact Materials	DL-pin-2(3)-ene
FDA UNII	JPF3YI7O34
CoE Number	2113
XlogP3-AA	N/A
Molecular Weight	136.23752
Molecular Formula	C10 H16

Properties

Food Chemicals Codex Listed	Yes
Appearance	colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay	97.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Specific Gravity	0.85300 to 0.86100 @ 25.00 °C.
Lbs/Gal (est)	7.098 to 7.164
Refractive Index	1.46300 to 1.46700 @ 20.00 Â°C.
Melting Point	-64.00 to -62.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point	155.00 to 156.00 Â°C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point	90.00 Â°F. TCC ( 32.22 Â°C. )
Acid Value	N/A
Vapor Pressure	4.750000 mmHg @ 25.00 Â°C.
Vapor Density	N/A
logP (o/w)	4.83
Soluble In	alcohol fixed oils water, 2.49 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) water
Occurrence	abies holophylla achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 7.70% agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.73% ajowan seed oil turkey @ 0.32% allspice fruit allspice leaf allspice leaf oil alpinia galanga oil @ 10.20% amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 3.20% angelica root oil @ 32.19% angelica seed oil @ 5.20% angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 11.80% anise oil anise seed anise seed oil star china @ 0.49% anise star anise fruit apple custard apple plant apple fruit armoise oil morocco @ 1.5% artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 2.60% artemisia diffusa krasch. ex poljak oil iran @ 0.40% artemisia santolina schrenk oil iran @ 0.70% artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 0.80% ayou wood oil @ 2.80% basil flower oil sweet @ 0.04% basil leaf oil basil leaf oil sweet (ocimum basilicum) @ 0.13% basil oil basil oil CO2 sweet @ trace% basil oil sweet @ 0.16% basil oil sweet egypt @ 0.28% basil oil sweet poland @ 0.83% basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ 0.43% basil plant basil shoot oil basswood flower bay laurel bark bay laurel flower bay laurel fruit oil bay laurel leaf bay laurel leaf oil bay laurel wood bay leaf oil @ 0.46-0.47% bay leaf oil anise @ 0.2% bay leaf oil lemon @ 0.5% bergamot mint oil @ 0.0-0.1% bergamot oil @ 0.720-1.844% bergamot oil @ 2.2% bergamot oil turkey @ 0.81% bergamot plant wild blackberry fruit blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.502% blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.478% blood orange oil italy @ 0.480% blueberry fruit boldo leaf oil italy @ 0.02% boldus leaf oil chile @ 0.01% bombycilaena erecta oil greece @ 0.40% buchu leaf oil @ 0.37% cabocla flower oil brazil @ 0.90% cajuput oil @ 1.0% cajuput oil vietnam @ 3.2% calamintha nepeta (l.) savi subsp. glandulosa oil greece @ 0.70% calamus root oil mongolia @ 0.70% cananga fruit oil @ 11.1% cananga leaf oil @ 14.0% cananga odorata oil java @ 0.06% caraway plant caraway seed caraway seed oil @ 0.05% cardamom fruit cardamom fruit oil cardamom oil CO2 extract guatemala @ 0.70% cardamom root oil cardamom seed oil cardamom seed oil @ 2.30% carqueja oil @ 6.40% carrot leaf oil @ trace% carrot root carrot seed carrot seed oil @ 9.09% carrot seed oil @ trace% carrot seed oil spain @ 0.50-1.73% carrot shoot carrot weed oil @ 1.42% cascarilla bark oil @ 2.59% cassia bark cassia bark oil china @ 3.47% cassia leaf oil china @ 3.47% cassinia laevis flower oil australia @ 13.60% cassinia laevis leaf oil australia @ 9.80% cassis bud oil @ 1.30-9.23% cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.55-1.31% celery leaf oil celery leaf oil @ 0.20% celery seed celery seed oil celery seed oil egypt @ 0.14% celery seed oil india @ 0.05% celery stem oil chamomile flower oil germany @ trace% chamomile garden chamomile plant chamomile oil @ 1.05% chamomile oil morocco @ 15.00% champaca concrete @ 0.12% champaca concrete @ trace% chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 10.0% cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 4.80% cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 8.00% cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) india @ 0.18% cinnamon bark oil (cinnamomum zeylanicum blume) sri lauka @ 0.04-0.07% cinnamon bark oil ceylon @ 3.47% cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf oil cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark cinnamon fruit oil india @ 0.1-1.6% cinnamon leaf oil ceylon @ 0.33% cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.06-0.21% cinnamon twig oil @ 0.21% citronella oil ceylon @ 1.87% citronella oil china @ 0.01% citronella oil java @ 0.05% citronella oil zimbabwe @ 0.32% clary sage oil france @ 0.10-0.20% clary sage oil greece @ 0.10% clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.10% clary sage oil spain @ 0.30% clove bud oil @ 0.02% clove leaf oil @ 0.03% clove stem oil india @ 0.03% coriander fruit coriander oil coriander seed oil coriander seed oil @ 1.80% coriander seed oil cuba @ 1.14% corn husk oil cornmint oil india @ 0.15% cornmint plant costmary oil @ 0.04% cotton plant crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 0.70% croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 16.00% cubeb oil @ 5.44% cumin cumin seed cumin seed oil cumin seed oil egypt @ 0.78% cumin seed oil turkey @ 1.2% curcuma amada roxb. rhizome oil india @ 0.40% currant black currant fruit currant black currant leaf curry fruit oil india @ 48.10% curry leaf oil india @ 9.00% curry wood leaf oil australia @ 0.30% cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf. oil cuba @ 0.10% cypress cone oil egypt @ 48.2% cypress oil @ 47.00-52.76% dill leaf dill oil dill seed dill seed oil dill shoot oil dill weed oil cuba @ 3.17% dill weed oil reunion @ 1.70% echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 9.60% elemi oil @ 5.40% elyonurus muticus (sprengel) o.kuntze leaf oil brazil @ 0.90% erigeron graveolens l. oil iran @ 0.20% eriocephalus punctulatus oil @ 6.00% eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 0.70% eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.80% eucalyptus citriodora oil @ 0.14% eucalyptus dalrympleana maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 26.20% eucalyptus deaneti maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.90% eucalyptus delegatensis r. baker leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.30% eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 1.90% eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 3.61% eucalyptus globulus maidenii f. muell oil @ 3.65% eucalyptus globulus oil @ 12.49% eucalyptus globulus oil burundia @ 8.80% eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 0.30% eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 6.23% eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 14.00% eucalyptus globulus pseudoglobulus oil @ 12.27% eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 44.70% eucalyptus nitens (deane et maiden) maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 21.70% eucalyptus saligna smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 38.50% eucalyptus tereticornis smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 24.40% eucalyptus urophylla s.t. blake leaf oil ethiopia @ 13.30% eucalyptus viminalis labill. leaf oil ethiopia @ 28.20% featherfew leaf oil @ 1.65% fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 4.08% fennel oil fennel plant fennel root oil fennel seed fennel seed oil fennel seed oil bitter lithuania @ 19.50% fennel seed oil bitter spain @ 0.20% fennel seed oil sweet @ 0.25% feverfew flower oil @ 0.2% feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 1.0% fig leaf oil fir korean fir fir needle oil canada @ 6.18-14.29% fir needle oil siberia @ 13.74% fleabane oil @ 0.20% foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 0.60% frankincense oil somalia @ 3.50% galangal root oil @ 5.80% geranium leaf oil india @ 0.20% geranium oil bourbon @ 0.24% geranium oil rwanda @ 0.03% geranium petiole oil india @ 0.13% geranium stem oil india @ 0.10% ginger ginger rhizome ginger rhizome oil ginger root oil brazil @ 2.30% ginger root oil china @ 1.04% gingergrass oil @ 0.02% glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 2.10% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.50% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.51% grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.52% grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.42% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.74% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.78% grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 1.76% grapefruit oil california @ 0.45% grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.21% guava fruit guava leaf oil guava oil guava pericarp oil helichrysum italicum oil america @ 3.41% heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 18.90% heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.10% herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ trace% hinoki leaf oil @ 1.01% hinoki root oil @ 0.73% hinoki wood oil @ 0.44% ho leaf oil @ 0.12% horsemint shoot hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 34.70% hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ 6.00-14.00% hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 1.80-2.60% hyssop leaf hyssop oil hyssop oil @ trace% hyssop oil CO2 extract @ trace% hyssop shoot jambu flower oil brazil @ 2.10% juniper berry oil @ 33.60% juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 14.10% juniper branch oil @ 18.70% juniper needle oil @ 33.70% kachur oil @ 1.30% kewda oil @ 0.30-0.40% labdanum leaf oil @ 39.00% labdanum oil @ 0.37% laurel bark oil @ 4.0% laurel berry oil @ 2.1% laurel leaf oil @ 5.8% laurel leaf oil turkey @ 4.60% laurel stem oil @ 3.5% laurel wood oil @ 1.0% lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.89% lavandin oil china @ 7.91% lavandin oil grosso @ 0.61% lavandula officinalis flower oil @ 0.80% lavender oil CO2 extract france @ 0.27% lavender oil france @ 0.14% lavender oil greece @ 0.58% lavender oil spike @ 1.80% lavender oil spike france @ 4.77% lavender oil spike spain @ 1.11% lemon lemon fruit oil lemon leaf oil lemon oil lemon oil california @ 1.75% lemon oil expressed italy @ 1.90% lemon pericarp lemon pericarp oil lemon petiole lemon verbena oil morocco @ 1.4% lemon verbena oil turkey @ 1.42% lemongrass oil @ 0.06% lemongrass oil @ 5.40% lemongrass oil egypt @ 0.73% lemongrass oil morocco @ 0.40% lemongrass plant levisticum officinale flower oil @ 1.01% levisticum officinale seed oil @ 1.47% lime lime fruit lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 0.03% lime oil distilled mexico @ 1.02% lime oil distilled peru @ 0.99% lime oil expressed florida @ 3.2% lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 0.60% litsea cubeba oil china @ 1.43% lovage flower oil @ 1.20% lovage leaf oil @ 0.70% lovage root lovage root oil @ 0.65% lovage seed oil @ 1.90% mace oil @ 1.30% mace oil CO2 extract @ 6.60% mace oil east india @ 15.24% mandarin mandarin fruit mandarin oil @ 2.29% mandarin oil avana @ 1.78% mandarin oil avana @ 1.79% mandarin oil italy @ 2.29% mandarin oil italy @ 2.36% mandarin oil japan @ 1.20% mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.48-0.50% mango flower manuka var. eximium oil australia @ 18.10% manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 30.80% manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 1.31% marjoram oil marjoram oil @ 2.63% marjoram oil spain @ 2.00% marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 0.64% marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 1.00-1.90% marjoram oil sweet iran @ 0.80% marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 0.39% marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 1.66-1.76% marjoram plant marjoram pot oil turkey @ 0.78-2.69% marsypianthes chamaedrys (vahl) kuntze oil brazil @ 0.70% mastic fruit oil @ 0.21% mastic leaf oil @ 0.47% mastic oil @ 78.61% mayur pankh fruit oil himalaya @ 67.80% melissa oil @ 0.05% melissa oil slovak republic @ 0.15% michelia alba flower absolute @ 0.17% microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 22.70% microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 26.90% mikan peel oil @ 0.64% mikania cordata (burm. f.) b.l. robinson var. cordata leaf oil france @ 9.60% mugwort plant myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 13.60% myrrhinium atropurpureum schott leaf oil brazil @ 12.20% myrtle lemon scented leaf oil australia @ 7.80% myrtle oil @ 35.20% narcissus absolute @ 2.39% narcissus absolute @ 6.07% nepeta cephalotes boiss. oil iran @ 2.10% nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 1.70% nepeta racemosa lam. oil iran @ 0.40% neroli bigarde oil france @ 0.28% neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.46% niaouli oil egypt @ 6.20% nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 6.40% nutmeg flower oil @ 9.51% nutmeg leaf oil nutmeg leaf oil @ 8.62-34.64% nutmeg oil nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 13.6% nutmeg oil india @ 22.00% nutmeg seed nutmeg seed oil ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.27% orange orange bigarade oil @ 0.11% orange fruit orange fruit juice orange oil c.p. brazil @ 0.89-0.95% orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.89% orange peel oil bitter china @ 1.17% orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.40% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.471% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.475% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.482% orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.534% orange peel oil sweet c.p. egypt @ 0.68% orange peel oil sweet c.p. florida @ 0.43% orange peel oil sweet c.p. valencia @ 0.42% oregano oil oregano oil mexico @ 0.56% oregano plant oregano plant oregano shoot oregano shoot oil origanum oil greece @ 0.69% osmanthus absolute @ trace% otanthus maritimus (l.) hoffmans oil greece @ 0.20% parsley fruit parsley fruit oil parsley leaf parsley leaf oil @ 0.25% parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03% parsley leaf oil egypt @ 6.94% parsley root parsley seed parsley seed oil parsley seed oil @ 22.28% patchouli oil china @ 0.09% pennyroyal oil @ 0.40% pennyroyal oil cuba @ 0.35% pennyroyal oil spain @ 1.50% pennyroyal oil uruguay @ trace-0.40% pepper bell pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit pepper black pepper fruit oil pepper black pepper oil pepper black pepper seed oil pepper oil black india @ 7.80% pepper tree berry oil @ 2.66% pepper tree leaf oil @ 1.46% peppermint leaf peppermint oil america @ 1.34% peppermint oil CO2 extract @ 0.20% peppermint oil russia @ 0.80% persea americana mill. fruit oil cuba @ 5.20% petitgrain bergamot oil @ 0.09% petitgrain bigarade oil @ 0.20% petitgrain combava oil @ 0.06% petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 2.40% petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.15% petitgrain lime oil @ 0.30% petitgrain mandarin oil @ 0.98% petitgrain oil @ 0.20% petitgrain sweet oil @ 0.95% phlomis fruticosa l. flower oil greece @ 8.90% phoebe oil brazil @ 1.29% pimenta leaf oil @ 0.56% pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.19% pimento berry oil @ trace% pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace% pine needle oil dwarf @ 9.95% pine needle oil scotch siberia @ 29.2-36.6% pinus laricio poiret branch oil italy @ 89.20% pinus laricio poiret cone oil italy @ 68.60% pinus laricio poiret leaf oil italy @ 53.40% pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 28.10% pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 40.30% piper cernum vell. var. cernum yuncker leaf oil brazil @ 10.20% pittosporum spp. fruit oil malaysia @ 60.20% plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.60% plum fruit plumcot fruit pomelo prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 6.10% prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 1.30% prangos uloptera dc. seed oil iran @ 41.90% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march fruit oil brazil @ 71.20% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march leaf oil brazil @ 1.60% protium heptaphyllum (aubl.) march resin oil brazil @ 10.50% pteronia oil @ 18.60% ravintsara leaf oil @ 5.55%% rose oil otto bulgaria @ 0.38% rosemary rosemary leaf rosemary leaf oil rosemary oil rosemary oil china @ 8.53% rosemary oil CO2 extract @ 8.30% rosemary oil corsica @ 22.00% rosemary oil egypt @ 2.46% rosemary oil france @ 19.91-35.08% rosemary oil morocco @ 9.56-12.72% rosemary oil spain @ 4.4% rosemary oil turkey @ 0.44% rosemary plant rosemary sap rosemary shoot rosemary shoot oil rue oil china @ 0.02% saffron stigma sage sage leaf oil sage oil sage oil albania @ 1.10% sage oil cuba @ 0.81% sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20% sage oil dalmatian @ 1.10% sage oil dalmatian @ 3.69% sage oil england @ 3.70% sage oil france @ 0.70% sage oil germany @ 4.08% sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 5.90% sage oil lithuania @ 6.05% sage oil reunion @ 5.40% sage oil sardinia @ 3.70% sage oil spain @ 4.5% sage oil spain @ 4.7-10.9% sage oil spain @ 4.80% sage plant salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 0.10% salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil @ 0.50% salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 2.70% salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.81% salvia officinalis oil reunion @ 2.71% salvia officinalis seed oil tunisia @ 1.26% salvia sclarea oil @ 4.57% salvia sclarea seed oil tunisia @ 0.27% salvia verbenaca seed oil tunisia @ 0.44% santolina oil @ 0.23% satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 0.30% satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ 0.40% savin oil @ 1.60% savin oil @ 69.00% savory oil summer @ 2.35-3.83% savory oil winter @ 3.60% savory oleoresin winter @ 3.60% savory summer savory plant savory winter savory oil savory winter savory plant sideritis scardica l. oil bulgaria @ 1.40% sideritis syriaca l. oil bulgaria @ 18.20% skimmia laureola oil @ 0.2% snake root oil canada @ 0.90% spearmint leaf spearmint oil spearmint oil america @ 0.51-0.72% spikenard oil @ 0.10% stachys recta l. oil serbia @ 0.50% strawberry wild strawberry fruit sugandha kokila berry oil @ 1.20% sunflower plant tagete flower oil rwanda @ trace% tagete oil egypt @ 0.12% tagete oil rwanda @ 0.03% tagete oil turkey @ 0.06% tamarind fruit oil tamarind seed oil tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 4.90% tangerine oil america @ 1.41% tansy flower oil canada @ 1.34% tansy flower oil dutch @ 0.20% tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.30% tansy oil argentina @ trace% tansy oil canada @ 0.20% tansy oil marocco @ 1.30% tarragon leaf oil tarragon oil tarragon oil @ trace% tarragon root oil tarragon shoot taxodium distichum (l.) richard branch oil italy @ 53.70% taxodium distichum (l.) richard cone oil italy @ 71.30% taxodium distichum (l.) richard leaf oil italy @ 79.70% tea leaf tejpat oil @ 1.50% thevetia peruviana (pers.) k. schum. flower oil brazil @ 0.50% thyme absolute @ trace% thyme oil thyme oil portuguese @ 0.7% thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 0.01% thyme oil red india @ 0.4% thyme oil red spain @ 0.49-1.34% thyme oil spain @ 0.04% thyme oil spain @ 2.28% thyme oil wild or creeping finland @ 1.90% thyme oil wild or creeping france @ 0.08% thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 0.27% thyme plant thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ 0.70% tomato tomato fruit trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 0.30% turmeric leaf turmeric oil china @ 0.53% turmeric rhizome turmeric rhizome oil turmeric root oil CO2 extract @ 1.25% turmeric root oil hydrodistilled @ 0.25% turmeric tuber valerian root oil @ 0.1-0.2% valerian root oil china @ 5.46% valerian root oil CO2 extract china @ 0.60% vassoura oil @ 2.90% verbena oil france @ 0.60% walnut black walnut fruit walnut black walnut nut walnut black walnut oil water mint leaf water mint shoot wormseed oil america @ 0.82% wormseed oil spain @ 0.09% wormwood flower oil annus america @ 0.24% wormwood leaf oil annus america @ 0.40-0.50% wormwood oil america @ 0.69% wormwood oil annus france @ 4.20-15.66% wormwood oil annus vietnam @ 0.74% wormwood oil cuba @ 1.24% wormwood oil italy @ 0.3% wormwood oil poland @ 3.23% xylopia aromatica (lam.) mart. leaf oil cuba @ 0.20% yarrow leaf oil @ 0.80% yarrow oil @ 4.20% yarrow oil greece @ 0.40% yarrow oil hungary @ 4.10% ylang ylang ylang ylang oil @ 1.87% ylang ylang oil CO2 extract @ 0.19% ylang ylang oil I (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.16% ylang ylang oil II (cananga odorata hook. f. and thomas.) @ 0.13% ylang ylang oil III @ 0.08% yuzu leaf oil @ 0.68-1.62% yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 0.95-1.11% yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 0.64-0.90% zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 46.00% zanthoxylum ovalifolium l. leaf oil australia @ 31.60% zingiber officinale root oil china @ 0.69% zinnia elegans jacq. flower oil brazil @ 0.90%

Organoleptic

Organoleptic Notes	1. Odor Type: herbal Odor Strength:high ,recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less Substantivity:4 hour(s) at 100.00 % fresh camphoreous sweet pine earthy woody Odor Description:at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. fresh camphor sweet pine earthy woodyLuebke, William tgsc, (1986) Odor sample from: Berje Inc. woody pine terpenic cooling camphoreous fresh herbal Odor Description:at 10.00 %. Woody, piney and turpentine-like, with a slight cooling camphoraceous nuance and a fresh herbal liftMosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 6, 26, (2000)
Odor	herbal fresh, camphoreous, sweet, pine, earthy, woody, terpenic, cooling, herbal
Flavor	woody woody, pine, terpenic, camphoreous, herbal, spicy, tropical,

AInsights BETA

FlavScents AInsights Entry for Alpha-Pinene (CAS: 80-56-8)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

Common Name(s): Alpha-pinene
IUPAC Name: (1S,5S)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
CAS Number: 80-56-8
FEMA Number: 2902
Other Identifiers: FL No. 02.001
Molecular Formula: C10H16
Molecular Weight: 136.24 g/mol

Alpha-pinene is a bicyclic monoterpene with a characteristic pine-like aroma. Its structure includes a reactive double bond, which is significant for its odor profile and reactivity in formulations. The presence of the bicyclic structure contributes to its volatility and distinctive scent, making it a valuable component in both flavor and fragrance applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Alpha-pinene is known for its fresh, woody, and pine-like aroma, often described as crisp and clean. It is a high-impact note in both flavor and fragrance compositions, providing a refreshing top note. The odor threshold of alpha-pinene is relatively low, allowing it to be perceived at minimal concentrations. It is commonly used to impart a natural pine scent or to enhance the freshness of a formulation.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

Alpha-pinene is naturally found in the oils of many coniferous trees, notably pine, and is a major component of turpentine. It is also present in rosemary, eucalyptus, and other aromatic plants. Alpha-pinene is biosynthesized in plants via the mevalonate pathway, leading to its classification as a natural flavor or fragrance component. Its presence in essential oils contributes to their designation as "natural" under various regulatory frameworks.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

Alpha-pinene is utilized in flavor formulations to impart a pine-like, resinous note, often used in mint, citrus, and herbal flavors. It serves as an impact note and can enhance the authenticity of natural flavors. Typical use levels in food and beverages range from 0.1 to 20 ppm, depending on the desired intensity and application. Alpha-pinene is relatively stable under acidic conditions but can oxidize, affecting its flavor profile.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

In fragrance applications, alpha-pinene is used across various fragrance families, including woody, fresh, and herbal. It acts as a top note, providing freshness and lift to compositions. Typical concentrations in perfumes range from trace amounts to 1%, depending on the desired effect. Its volatility makes it suitable for top note applications, contributing to the initial impression of a fragrance.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
European Union: Listed under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with an assigned FL number.
United Kingdom: Aligns with EU regulations post-Brexit.
Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific restrictions in some ASEAN countries.
Latin America: Generally accepted, with specific regulations in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries.

Alpha-pinene's regulatory status is well-established, with harmonized approvals across major markets. However, formulators should verify specific country regulations due to potential variability.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

Alpha-pinene is considered safe for use in food and fragrance applications at typical exposure levels.

Oral Exposure: Recognized as GRAS with an acceptable daily intake (ADI) not specified due to its low toxicity.
Dermal Exposure: Generally non-irritating, but high concentrations may cause sensitization; relevant to IFRA guidelines.
Inhalation Exposure: Low volatility reduces inhalation risk, but occupational exposure should be monitored.

The risk profile is consistent across food and fragrance uses, with no significant differences noted.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Alpha-pinene is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, natural pine aroma. It synergizes well with other terpenes and citrus notes, enhancing the overall freshness of a formulation. Common pitfalls include overuse, leading to a harsh or resinous character. It is often under-utilized in complex blends where its freshness can be a subtle enhancer.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

Data on alpha-pinene is well-documented, with robust sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-established, though specific use levels may vary by application. Some data gaps exist in regional regulatory nuances, requiring formulators to verify local compliance.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

All required sections 1-9 are present
"Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
Flavor section includes ppm ranges
Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
No section 5a needed as alpha-pinene is a single compound

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-01-19 18:53:27 GMT (p2)

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