FlavScents AInsights Entry for Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (CAS: 3025-30-7)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate
• IUPAC Name: Ethyl (2E,4Z)-deca-2,4-dienoate
• CAS Number: 3025-30-7
• FEMA Number: 2391
• Other Identifiers: FL No. 09.038
• Molecular Formula: C12H20O2
• Molecular Weight: 196.29 g/mol

Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is an ester compound characterized by its fruity aroma, often associated with pear and apple notes. The presence of conjugated double bonds in its structure contributes to its distinctive odor profile, making it a valuable component in flavor and fragrance formulations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is renowned for its strong, fruity aroma reminiscent of ripe pears and apples. It exhibits a high intensity and diffusion, making it an impactful note in both flavor and fragrance compositions. The compound is often used as an impact note due to its ability to impart a fresh, juicy character to formulations. While specific taste and odor thresholds are not widely documented, its potent sensory attributes suggest a low threshold for detection.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

This compound is naturally found in various fruits, including apples and pears, contributing to their characteristic aromas. It can also be formed through enzymatic reactions during the ripening process of these fruits. Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is often used in products labeled as "natural flavor" due to its occurrence in nature and its ability to enhance the authenticity of fruit flavors.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is primarily used in fruit flavor formulations, particularly those mimicking apple and pear profiles. It serves as an impact note, providing a fresh and juicy character. Typical use levels in finished food or beverage products range from 0.1 to 5 ppm, depending on the desired intensity and the complexity of the flavor system. The compound is generally stable under typical processing conditions but may degrade under extreme heat or acidic conditions.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

In the fragrance industry, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is used in fruity and floral compositions, contributing to the top and middle notes. It acts as a modifier, enhancing the freshness and realism of the fragrance. Typical concentration ranges in fragrance products are from trace amounts to 0.5%, depending on the formulation. Its volatility allows it to provide an initial burst of freshness, which is highly valued in personal care and household products.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
• European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL No. 09.038.
• United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit with no significant divergence reported.
• Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific usage levels defined by local regulations.
• Latin America: Generally accepted in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries, with harmonized assumptions based on international standards.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

For oral exposure, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is considered safe at typical use levels, with no specific ADI or MSDI established, but it falls within the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) for flavoring substances. Dermal exposure in fragrance applications is generally safe, with no significant irritation or sensitization reported. Inhalation exposure is minimal due to its low volatility in typical use concentrations. Overall, the risk profiles for food and fragrance applications are similar, with no significant safety concerns identified.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, fruity character to both flavors and fragrances. It synergizes well with other fruity esters and can enhance the authenticity of fruit profiles. Formulators should be cautious of its potency, as overuse can lead to an overpowering aroma. It is often under-utilized in complex formulations where its impact can be masked by other components.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is well-established, with comprehensive sensory and regulatory information available. Industry practices are well-documented, though specific numeric thresholds for sensory detection are less frequently reported. There are no significant data gaps or regulatory ambiguities identified for this compound.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1–9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
• If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-04-28 06:27:28 GMT (p2)