FlavScents AInsights Entry: Red Cinchona Succirubra Bark Extract (CAS: 84776-28-3)
1. Identity & Chemical Information
- Common Name(s): Red Cinchona Succirubra Bark Extract
- CAS Number: 84776-28-3
- FEMA Number: Not applicable
- Other Identifiers: Not applicable
- Material Type: Natural complex material derived from the bark of the Cinchona succirubra tree.
- Source: The extract is obtained through a process of maceration and solvent extraction from the bark of the Cinchona succirubra tree, native to South America.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA
2. Sensory Profile
Red Cinchona succirubra bark extract is characterized by its bitter taste, which is primarily due to the presence of alkaloids such as quinine. The extract has a complex aroma profile that can be described as woody, earthy, and slightly astringent. It is often used as a bittering agent in flavor formulations, providing a distinctive and intense bitter note that can enhance the complexity of beverages and other food products.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature
3. Natural Occurrence & Formation
The Cinchona succirubra tree is native to the Andean regions of South America, particularly in countries like Peru and Ecuador. The bark of this tree has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, most notably for the treatment of malaria due to its quinine content. The extract is formed through the maceration of the bark, followed by solvent extraction to isolate the active compounds. It is considered a natural flavoring agent due to its direct derivation from plant material.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs
4. Use in Flavors
Red Cinchona succirubra bark extract is primarily used in the flavor industry as a bittering agent. It is commonly found in tonic water, bitters, and certain liqueurs. The typical use levels in beverages range from 10 to 100 ppm, depending on the desired intensity of bitterness. The extract is stable under acidic conditions but may degrade under prolonged exposure to heat and light, which should be considered during formulation.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature
5. Use in Fragrances
While not as common as in flavor applications, red Cinchona succirubra bark extract can be used in fragrances to impart a woody and earthy note. It is typically used in trace amounts to add complexity and depth to fragrance compositions, particularly in woody or chypre fragrance families. Its contribution is generally as a base note due to its low volatility.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts
5a. Key Constituents (Typical)
- Quinine: The primary alkaloid responsible for the bitter taste.
- Cinchonine: Another significant alkaloid contributing to the extract's properties.
- Cinchonidine and Quinidine: Minor alkaloids present in varying amounts.
The composition of the extract can vary significantly based on the origin of the bark, the time of harvest, and the extraction process used.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed literature; authoritative industry references
6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)
- United States: The extract is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food and beverages.
- European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 for use as a flavoring substance.
- United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit with no significant divergence.
- Asia: Varies by country; generally accepted in Japan and China with specific use restrictions.
- Latin America: Accepted in countries like Brazil, with regulations aligning closely with international standards.
Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications
7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations
- Oral Exposure: The primary concern is the potential for quinine toxicity at high doses. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) for quinine is established, and formulations should adhere to these guidelines to ensure safety.
- Dermal Exposure: Generally considered safe in fragrance applications at low concentrations, with no significant reports of irritation or sensitization.
- Inhalation Exposure: Low volatility reduces inhalation risk, but occupational exposure should be monitored in manufacturing settings.
Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature
8. Practical Insights for Formulators
Red Cinchona succirubra bark extract is valued for its ability to impart a natural bitterness to formulations, enhancing the complexity of beverages. It synergizes well with citrus and herbal notes but can be overpowering if used excessively. Formulators should be cautious of its stability under heat and light and consider encapsulation or other protective measures in sensitive applications.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice
9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes
The data on red Cinchona succirubra bark extract is well-established, particularly regarding its sensory and toxicological profiles. However, variability in composition due to natural factors remains a challenge. Industry practices often rely on historical usage patterns and empirical data.
Citation hooks: FlavScents
QA Check
- All required sections 1–9 are present
- "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
- Flavor section includes ppm ranges
- Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
- Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
- Includes section 5a for complex natural material
About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.
Generated 2026-08-26 07:06:56 GMT (p2)