FlavScents AInsights Entry for Isobutyl Acetate (CAS: 110-19-0)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): Isobutyl acetate
• IUPAC Name: 2-Methylpropyl acetate
• CAS Number: 110-19-0
• FEMA Number: 2171
• Other Identifiers: FL No. 09.014
• Molecular Formula: C6H12O2
• Molecular Weight: 116.16 g/mol

Isobutyl acetate is an ester formed from isobutanol and acetic acid. It features a simple ester functional group, which is crucial for its characteristic fruity odor. The ester linkage contributes significantly to its volatility and sensory properties, making it a valuable compound in both flavor and fragrance applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Isobutyl acetate is known for its pleasant, fruity odor reminiscent of pears and apples. It is often described as having a sweet, fresh, and slightly floral character. The compound is used as an impact note in formulations, providing a bright and uplifting aroma. Its odor threshold is relatively low, allowing it to be perceived at minimal concentrations, which enhances its utility in both flavor and fragrance applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

Isobutyl acetate occurs naturally in various fruits, including apples, pears, and bananas. It is formed through enzymatic reactions during the ripening process, contributing to the characteristic aroma of these fruits. In the context of "natural flavor" or "natural fragrance" designations, isobutyl acetate can be derived from natural sources or synthesized to mimic its natural occurrence.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

Isobutyl acetate is widely used in flavor formulations, particularly in fruit-flavored products such as candies, beverages, and baked goods. It serves as a key impact note, enhancing the authenticity and appeal of fruit flavors. Typical use levels in finished products range from 5 to 50 ppm, with variations depending on the desired intensity and product type. The compound is stable under typical processing conditions but may degrade under extreme heat or acidic conditions.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

In the fragrance industry, isobutyl acetate is utilized in a variety of product types, including perfumes, body sprays, and household products. It is often employed as a top note due to its high volatility and fresh, fruity aroma. Concentration ranges in formulations can vary, but it is typically used at low levels to provide a subtle yet noticeable fruity accent. Its volatility makes it an excellent choice for creating bright, uplifting fragrance profiles.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Recognized as GRAS by FEMA for flavor use.
• European Union: Approved under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 with FL number 09.014.
• United Kingdom: Follows EU regulations post-Brexit with no significant divergence reported.
• Asia: Approved for use in Japan and China, with specific concentration limits varying by country.
• Latin America: Generally accepted in Brazil and MERCOSUR countries, subject to local regulations.

Isobutyl acetate is widely accepted across major markets, with harmonized assumptions in place. However, formulators should verify specific regional requirements to ensure compliance.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

For oral exposure, isobutyl acetate is considered safe at typical use levels in food, with an established ADI by relevant authorities. Dermal exposure in fragrance applications is generally low risk, but formulators should consider potential sensitization in sensitive individuals. Inhalation exposure is primarily relevant in occupational settings, where adequate ventilation and protective measures are recommended to minimize risk.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Isobutyl acetate is valued for its ability to impart a fresh, fruity character to both flavors and fragrances. It synergizes well with other esters and fruity compounds, enhancing overall complexity and appeal. Common pitfalls include overuse, which can lead to an overpowering or artificial aroma. Formulators should aim for balance, using isobutyl acetate to complement rather than dominate the sensory profile.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

The data on isobutyl acetate is well-established, with comprehensive documentation available from authoritative sources. Industry practices are generally consistent, though some undocumented variations may exist. Known data gaps are minimal, but ongoing research may provide further insights into its sensory and safety profiles.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1–9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
• If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-09-01 10:20:46 GMT (p2)